All late summer Solidago galls were situated approximately midway or higher on the plant stalk on apical meristems. Both the late spring and late summer Solidago galls were composed of swollen tissue surrounded by leaves in a typical rosette growth form.
A single gall collected on Erigeron canadensis in August contained only one larva which eclosed in late August or early September. The Erigeron gall was a swollen stem approximately two inches above the ground.
- Philips, T.K. and D.C. Smith: (1998) Notes on the biology and hosts of Procecidochares atra (Loew) (Diptera: Tephritidae): Evidence for cryptic species©