Phylloteras volutellae (agamic)

Phylloteras lyratum (agamic)

Phylloteras prinum (agamic)

Phylloteras nigrum (agamic)

Phylloteras rubinum (agamic)

Phylloteras cupella (agamic)

Phylloteras sigma (agamic)

Phylloteras poculum (agamic)

Phylloteras campanulatum (agamic)

Phylloteras volutellae (Ashmead)

Host: Quercus macrocarpa

Small (3.5 mm) cylindrical galls on underside of leaf of Quercus macrocarpa 

Distr: Kansas

Weld, believing that the type of Xystoteras volutellae had been lost, erroneously designated a series of specimens, collected at Texarkana, Arkansas, on Quercus lyrata as lectotypes (sic!). These were widely distributed to various museums. After he located the "lost" type, Weld acknowledged the error and stated that the specimens from Texarkana represented a new species that should be described. This was never done, however, so a description of this new species is provided here.

Phylloteras lyratum Lyon, new species

Host: Quercus lyrata

Gall.--Tiny, 3.5 mm high, monothalamous gall, attached to undersides of leaf blades. Developing galls covered with white bloom during growth, but lost at maturity. Larval cell occupies gall base.

Weld (1926), believing that the type of Xystoteras volutellae had been lost, erroneously designated a series of specimens, collected at Texarkana, Arkansas, on Quercus lyrata Walt as lectotypes (sic!). These were widely distributed to various museums. After he located the “lost” type, he (Weld 1952) acknowledged the error and stated that the specimens from Texarkana represented a new species that should be described. This was never done, however, so a description of this new species is provided here. 

Emerged from rearing Feb 19, Mar 20, May 23, Apr 6, Jun 14, 21. 

Distr: AR

Phylloteras prinum Lyon, new species

Host: Quercus prinus [montana]

Gall.--Monothalamous, circular, flattened disk, 4 mm diameter, with depressed center.

Small (4.5 mm) circular spangles on the underside of leaves of Quercus prinus [montana]

Emerged from rearing cages Jan 22

Distr: VA

Phylloteras nigrum

Host: Quercus alba

Small (3.5 mm) depressed, spherical galls on underside of leaves of Q alba

Distr: VA

Phylloteras rubinum

Host: Quercus alba

Depressed, spherical galls (2-3 mm) on underside of leaves of Q alba 

Distr: IL, MO, NY, VA

Phylloteras cupella

Hosts: Quercus arizonica, grisea, undulata

Small (2.6 mm) cup spangles on underside of leaves of Quercus arizonica, grisea, undulata

Distr: AZ, NM

Phylloteras sigma

Host: Quercus alba

Sigmoid-shaped galls on underside of leaves of Q alba

Distr: MD, NY, VA, DC

Phylloteras poculum

Hosts: Quercus alba, prinus [montana], prinoides

Button-shaped spangles on underside of leaves of Quercus alba, prinus [montana], prinoides

Distr: CT, IN, KS, MD, MO, NY, VA, DC

Euxystotera campanulatum Lyon, new species

Gall. —(Figs. 3E, 3F) Small, campanulate cup, 5 mm diameter, 3 mm high; on lateral veins of upper and lower leaf surfaces. Monothalamous, larval cell occupying base. Appear in late summer as tiny, purple spangles that grow rapidly to reach maturity in October; mature galls red-brown; adults emerged 21 October. 

Host. — Quercus pungens Liebmann, an unusual little shrub oak that grows at elevations of 3500-6000 ft on limestone cliffs of mountains at scattered locations in Arizona, New Mexico and Texas. No cynipids or galls have previously been described from this oak. Lewis Weld, in his field notes, made frequent reference to it as a host oak; however, in later years, he (Weld 1960) indicated that he misidentified the oak and that his “ Quercus pungens ” was actually Q. turbinella Greene. A number of years ago, John Tucker, of the University of California at Davis, located specimens of this oak in the Franklin Mountains at El Paso, Texas, and indicated that an excellent opportunity to study the cynipid fauna existed. I have made periodic visits to these montains since 1964 and have found that the oaks were abundantly “galled” with both described and undescribed species. 

Distr: TX

Synonymy of two genera of cynipid gall wasps and description of a new genus (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)