Walshomyia texana

Neolasioptera allioniae

Asphondylia amaranthi

Asphondylia ratibidae (summer generation)

Neolasioptera eupatorii

Asphondylia verbenae

Asphondylia h-microcephalum-aborted-disc-floret

HOST: Sabina sabinoides [Juniperus ashei] Small ; and S. virginiana Antoine. Juniper. 

The gall (PI. 1, fig. 3) consists of the enlarged tip of a branch which has turned pink. The gall is divided into ten equal sections, has thin walls and contains a single cavity. It is 6 to 7 mm. long by 4 to 5 mm. wide. There is probably only one generation a year, the in sect passing the winter in the gall. The adult midges emerge through the extreme tip of the gall, where the sectors meet; parasites, however, gnaw through at any point. The adults emerge in late March and early April.

HOST: Allionia sp., Umbrella-wort.
The gall (PI. 2, fig. 1) is a regular swelling of the stem 2.5 to 6 cm. long with a maximum of 1 cm. in width. Each gall is confined to a single node of the stem. The larvae burrow and feed in the pith, each gall containing many of them. The adults emerge by separate holes at any part of the gall. In all, five galls were collected near the small town of Dripping Springs, about 40 miles north west of Austin. 

The gall (PI. 2, fig. 8) is formed from the aborted and elongated ovary or seed and is over twice the ordinary seed length, but scarcely and is over twice the ordin ary seed length, but scarcely as wide. The galls are 4.5 mm. long and 1.8 mm. wide. This gall was collected only once, December 8 but its inconspicuousness renders it probable that it has often been overlooked.

The spring and summer galls occur on the flowers (PI. 1, fig. 15), the autumn galls on the leaf buds (PI. 2, fig. 7). In the former case they are formed from the ovary and flower parts of both ray and disk flowers. The tops of the young flowers are sealed up and the walls beneath thicken greatly. The gall is thin walled 5.5 mm. in diameter and contains a single larva.


The gall  is a cylindrical swelling varying in size with the part affected, and also varying from 1 to 4 cm. in length.

The gall (PI. 2, fig. 9) consists of parts of the abort ed ovary and lower corolla-tube. In the case of those containing larvae the inside of the tube becomes quite pubescent; but this disappears with the formation of the pupa. The length is 5 mm., the width 2 mm. The upper part of the corolla retains the bud-like structure until the adult pushes through it. The galls appear as buds until the fruits mature.

On *H. microcephalum* the gall [attributed to *Asphondylia autumnalis* in this work] is formed of the enlarged, but scarcely thickened corolla of the disk flower.
The top of the flower is united as in the bud. No injured ray flowers were observed. The color is yellow, darker at the top; only slightly protruding from the surface of the tops of the other disk flowers. The galls are three or four times the width of normal flowers. Only a single flower is changed in each gall and one larva is in each.

Adults emerged December 10 to 19; seven of undetermined sex and twenty-five males and seven females. Although this weed is common, the gall is very local in distribution, and not at all common.

The Biology of some Dipterous Gall-makers from Texas