Heteroecus dasydactyli (sexgen)

Bassettia ligni (agamic)

Bassettia ligni (sexgen)

Feron kingi (sexgen)

Heteroecus dasydactyli 

Females emerged on Mar. 28 from H. dasydactyli galls (Fig. 1 c) collected on Mt. Hamilton in March 1966. They were placed individually on 5 seedlings of Q. chrysolepis. Oviposition was not observed but by May 15 leaf galls were found on 1 of these seedlings; only males emerged from these galls. 

The galls of the bisexual generation are monothalamous, round to oval swellings protruding from both surfaces of the leaf. They occur on leaves singly or in pairs and are brown when mature. Adults emerged from either surface. Thirteen galls measured 2.55 mm long by 2.05 mm wide.

[A photograph of the gall appears on page 3 of the pdf, FIgure 1D]

Bassettia ligni

On May 20, 1966, an undescribed leaf gall (Fig. 1 a), from which both male and female Cynipidae were emerging, was found on Q. lobata at Locke, Sacramento County. The females readily oviposited in twig growth of the previous year when confined on Q. lobata seedlings in the laboratory. The galls which appeared in the fall of 1966 were those of B. ligni (Fig. 1 b). This species is also known to occur on Q. douglasii Hooker & Arnott and on Q. dumosa Nuttall (Weld 1957a).

Bassettia ligni

On May 20, 1966, an undescribed leaf gall (Fig. 1 a), from which both male and female Cynipidae were emerging, was found on Q. lobata at Locke, Sacramento County. The females readily oviposited in twig growth of the previous year when confined on Q. lobata seedlings in the laboratory. The galls which appeared in the fall of 1966 were those of B. ligni (Fig. 1 b). This species is also known to occur on Q. douglasii Hooker & Arnott and on Q. dumosa Nuttall (Weld 1957a). The galls of the bisexual generation appear as very slight oval swellings protruding from both leaf surfaces. They remain green even when mature. The adult emergence hole is found at either end of the oval gall, but always on the upper leaf surface. These monothalamous galls sometimes occur singly but are usually found in pairs. The average dimensions are 1.53±0.14 mm long by 0.90±0.03 mm wide. We believe them to be the same as the galls Weld (1957a) described as "like those of Neuroterus engelmanni Kinsey."

Andricus kingi

Galls of L. dumosae (Fig. 1 e) [a misidentification; these were then-undescribed wasps] were collected at Thornton, San Joaquin County, May 11, 1967. Males and females emerging from them at the time were placed on 3 caged seedlings of Q. lobata. By September, galls of A. kingi had developed on the leaves of one of these trees (Fig. 1 f). L. dumosae also is known to occur on Q. douglasii and Q. garryana Douglas (Weld 1957b). A. kingi has been found on Q. douglasii and one would expect that it will eventually be found also on Q. garryana.

Heterogony in Some Gall-Forming Cynipidae (Hymenoptera) with Notes on the Biology of Neuroterus saltatorius