Callirhytis furva (agamic)

Neuroterus tantulus (agamic)

Melikaiella ostensackeni (sexgen)

Callirhytis serricornis (agamic)

Dryocosmus albidus (agamic)

Amphibolips globus (sexgen)

Amphibolips globus (agamic)

Zapatella oblata (agamic)

Andricus brunneus (agamic)

Feron comatum (sexgen)

Andricus projectus (agamic)

Andricus prescotti (agamic)

Andricus perfulvum (agamic)

Andricus rotundula (agamic)

Diplolepis lens

Zopheroteras guttatum (agamic)

Callirhytis subcostata (agamic)

Dryocosmus minusculus (agamic)

Antron pileus (sexgen)

Andricus multicostatus (agamic)

Callirhytis cistella (agamic)

Feron gigas (agamic)

Callirhytis furva, new species

Small, somewhat globular galls, 3-4 mm in diameter covered with short, straight, stiff brown hairs, scattered along midrib or main veins on upper side of leaf in the fall and dropping off singly when mature. The hairs do not weather away during winter. Similar to galls of C infuscata on Quercus laevis in Florida., On Quercus catesbaei [laevis], coccinea, falcata, ilicifolia, imbricaria, laurifolia, marilandica, myrtifolia, nigra, palustris, phellos, velutina: Small cluster of globular galls, 3-4 mm in dia., each covered with short, straight brown hairs, on upper side of leaf in fall.

Neuroterus tantulus, new species

Small saucer-shaped galls occurring in large numbers attached by a broad base on under side of leaf in early summer. Individual galls measure 0.9-1.6 mm in diameter by 0.6-7 mm high, with an elevation in center of the concave free surface, brown, almost bare, dropping off when mature and leaving a scar 0.7 mm in diameter on the gall and a brown spot on the leaf.

Habitat.—Type locality. College Park, Md. On May 24, 1948, W. H. Anderson swept up a tablespoonful of the galls, which had fallen on a table under a heavily infested white oak tree. These were placed in a breeding cage on the ground outdoors and when examined on April 1, 1949, scores of adults had emerged and many had already died. 

In the box of Bassett cynipid types in the American Entomological Society the type of Cynips papula Bassett, a synonym of modesta, is a female of Ceroptres sp., a guest fly. A pinned specimen in another case marked "cotype" is the maker of the gall and has now been made the type. This is in spite of the fact that the original description of papula was drawn from specimens of two genera and combined the head and thorax of the guest with the abdomen and wing of the maker. 

Dryocosmus grumatus, new species

Host.--Quercus wislizeni These galls also occur on Quercus agrifolia and Q kelloggii.
Gall.-- A smooth, bare, ellipsoidal gall about 3 mm in diameter attached to midrib on under side of the leaf in the fall and bearing a little fleshy knob on its summit exactly like the gall of rileyi (Ashmead) in the eastern United States. 

Dryocosmus albidus, new species

Hosts.--Quercus coccinea, Q. velutina

Gall.--A depressed sphere, fleshy, bare, smooth, pure white or pinkish on one side, measuring up to 5 mm. in diameter by 3.8 mm high. On underside of leaf in October. Not common. Similar in external appearance to Biorhiza rubina Gillette on white oaks but with a different internal structure, the larval cell and nutritive layer being central instead of basal.

Amphibolips globus, new species
Sexual generation

Host.--Quercus palustris

Gall.--A bud gall in June produced from weak lateral buds on previous year's growth of saplings 1 to 3 feet high, on sprouts from stumps and on lower limbs of small trees, occasionally from dormant buds on main trunk of trees. In good light, deep green with white spots at attachment of radiating fibers inside; in deep shade, more or less etiolated. Globular, firm, fleshy, bare, up to 18 mm. in diameter, not deciduous. Wall 1 mm. thick. Central cell relatively large, supported by many coarse, branching, radiating fibers. Larval cell 6 mm. by 3.2 mm. and its wall 1.5 mm. thick with big cells at base of the radiating fibers. Exit hole 2.2 mm. in diameter made while gall is still green. After the emergence of the maker the gall turns brown and becomes wrinkled. Many undersized galls are parasitized. Out of more than 200 galls collected only 20 makers emerged. 

Habitat. — The type series of galls was collected at East Falls Church, Va. June 26, 1948. Adults emerged June 28, 30, July 2, 4, 1948. None of these galls was seen at this place in 1949, in 1950, or in 1951. Galls had been seen at Rosslyn and Lucketts, Va., Washington, D. C, and Lanham, Md. 

Amphibolips globus, new species
Agamic generation?

Host.--Quercus palustris

In early September 1948 approximately 65 bud galls were collected on the ground under a large pin oak tree only a few feet from where galls of A. globus [sexgen] herein described were taken the previous June. Similar galls had not been seen here before — circumstantial evidence that it is the alternating form. It occurs in August and September at the end of the season's growth. It is smooth, bare, green with small purple spots marking the attachment of numerous radiating fibers within, up to 14 mm. in diameter, rounded at distal end, slightly tapering at attached base, the wall relatively thin (.8 mm.). Larval cell ellipsoidal, 6 by 4 mm. Galls drop in late August or early September and soon turn brown and become slightly wrinkled. At this time the nutritive layer is all used up and full-grown larvae and pupae are found inside. Some may emerge in the fall but the adults described below were cut out of the galls on October 18 and November 5, 1949. As they are thought to be the alternating agamic generation of globus they are not given a different specific name. 

Callirhytis oblata, new species

Hosts. — Quercus coccinea and Quercus falcata., Spanish oak. 

Gall (pi. 16, fig. 7) . — A green, smooth, bare bud gall at apex of new growth in May, dropping to ground when mature. An oblate sphaeroid, 4-5 mm. in diameter by 2.5 mm. high, red in center above but without a nipple, not at all hidden by bud scales; when detached without a girdle of hairs at base. 

Habitat. — The type is selected from a series that emerged March 21, 1946, from galls collected on Spanish oak at Dyke, 3 miles south of Alexandria, Va., on April 19, 1945. Paratypes are from galls on scarlet oak collected near Vienna, Va., and at East Falls Church, Va.

Andricus brunneus

These galls are 3-5 mm. in diameter, in a cluster of 4 to 6 on the underside of the leaf. Tan, slightly mottled, slightly pubescent, thick-walled without any radiating fibers or free central cell, dropping in September. 

Host:
Quercus douglasii


Liodora comata, new species

Host.--Quercus alba

Gall (pl. 16, fig. 11). — Conical, 3.0 by 1.4 mm., tan, thin walled, covered with crinkly white matted hairs. Produced singly at edge of leaf in early spring when leaves are only an inch or so long. 

Habitat. — Type locality East Falls Church, Va. Adults emerged April 26 and May 4-15. 

[This description may, in whole or in part, refer to [Grahamstoneia humboldti](https://www.gallformers.org/gall/2707) rather than A projectus; see ID Notes]

Bursting out far beyond the bud scales in the fall, cylindrical, bare, smooth, greenish with a light tan apex. When detached the base is darker, with a depressed scar at the truncated end, 7.0 mm. long by 2.1 mm. in diameter. Monothalamous. Usually occurs at tip of strong sprouts from stumps.

Gall (p. 17, fig 15). —A bare, smooth ellipsoidal gall, 5.0 mm. long by 2.9 mm. in diameter with a nipple at the apex, protruding from a shallow depression in the side of the acorn cup and dropping to the ground when mature in late summer, and then showing a girdle of hairs at the base. From one to eight on an acorn. Monothalamous.

Trichoteras perfulvum, new species

Host: Quercus chrysolepis

Gall: Tan colored, circular, 6-8 mm. in diameter by 1 mm. high, single or in two's or three's, attached to midrib on upper or lower side of leaf in the fall. Sparingly hairy, thin walled, with an eccentric ellipsoidal cell inside held in place by radiating fibers. 

Range: Idyllwild CA Both living and dead adults were found in the galls when they were cut open, February 9, 1949. Fresh galls are fully grown by mid-June.

Trichoteras rotundula, new species

Host. — Quercus chrysolepis. 

Gall (pl. 16, fig. 2). — A midrib cluster of a few globular galls, usually on the under side of a leaf in the fall. Covered with short straight hairs when young and green, later bare, smooth, tan, up to 2.7 mm. in diameter with a central cell 1.5 by 1.2 mm. supported by stout radiating fibers. 

Habitat. — The type emerged in November from a gall collected at Camp Baldy, Calif., on November 7, 1939. One paratype was cut out September 5, 1918, from a gall collected at Los Gatos. Another was cut out November 10, 1949, from a gall collected at Idyllwild on November 6, 1948. One (not in the type series and all amber) was cut out dead in 1946 from a gall collected on Mount St. Helena in August 1922. 

Diplolepis lens, new species

Host.—Rosa nutkana

Gall.— A lentil-shaped thickening, up to 3.2 mm. in diameter by 1.7 mm. thick, in the parenchyma of the leaf in the fall. Single or several on a leaf. Similar to the gall of D. rosae Cockerell in the eastern United States. 

Zopheroteras guttatum, new species

Host: Quercus palustris

Gall: Almost spherical, smooth, bare, with purple spots on a cream background, attached singly on under side of leaf on a secondary vein, dropping in early October. From 1.4 to 2.5 mm. in diameter. Pure white inside with the minute larval cavity central. 

Habitat. — Type locality East Falls Church, Va. Galls were collected in October in eight different years; adults emerged the second spring in each case on the following dates: March 6, 20, 25, 29, April 1, 3, 7. Buds on pin oak at that time show no signs of swelling. Oviposition not observed. Alternating generation unknown. 

Callirhytis subcostata, new species

Host. — Quercus stellata. 

Gall (pl, 16, fig. 10). — Produced on the side of the acorn cup when the latter is about 4 mm. in diameter and dropping off when mature in late May. Green, 2.5-3.0 mm. in diameter, ribbed like a melon with about 16 grooves, pinkish in the grooves. 

Habitat. — The types emerged April 1, 1950, from galls collected at East Falls Church, Va., on May 29, 1949. The nutritive layer was then about used up and the galls about ready to drop. This isolated tree had been visited almost every spring for many years but these galls had never been seen there before.

DRYOCOSMUS MINUSCULUS, new species

Host. — Quercus agrifolia.

Gall (pl. 17, fig. 13) . — Small brown galls up to 2.7 mm. in diameter, shaped like a depressed sphere with a minute pit in the center above. Produced on upper side of leaves of Quercus agrifolia, Q. wislizeni, and rarely on Q. kelloggii in the fall and dropping when mature. Said to be so numerous sometimes as to defoliate the tree. Some years these galls are not common. 

Habitat. — The types were reared from galls collected October 22, 1939, on Quercus agrifolia on Mount Diablo, Calif. Adults emerged April 17, 1941. Galls have been noted on this host at some 40 localities between Alpine and Ukiah and Red Bluff, Calif. They are also common on Quercus wislizeni and have been seen on Quercus kelloggii a few times. The guest fly, Synergus agrifoliae Ashmead, often reared from it, varies much in color pattern and has been redescribed as Synergus maculatus Fullaway (1911) new synonymy, and as Synergus obscurus McCracken and Egbert (1922), new synonymy.

Antron pileus, new species

Host: Quercus turbinella

Gall.(Pl 17, fig 19)--A broadly conical bud gall, usually solitary, at end of new growth in summer. Straw yellow above with a purple margin, 4-7 mm in diameter, broader than high, strongly concave below like the pileus of the fungus Coprinus. Larval cavity at very apex and exit hole just below the short nipple. 

Habitat.--The type material was sent by Mrs NW Capron, from Prescott AZ, July 12, 1947, and one adult emerged en route. More galls were sent August 1, 1947, and dead adults were cut out of the galls. More were sent in early July 1949, and adults emerged July 10-19. In previous years she had sent galls from Camp Creek, Cherry, Pine, and Young, and I had collected them at Ash Fork and Williams, AZ.

ANDRICUS MULTICOSTATUS, new species

Host. — Quercus subturbinella.

Gall (pl. 16, fig. 9). — An axillary or terminal bud gall in fall. Cylindrical with 10 to 20 distinct longitudinal ribs, up to .5 mm. long, protruding far beyond the bud scales. Greenish with white spots when fresh, the bulbous distal third smooth and reddish. 

Habitat. — The type was cut out alive on October 14, 1944, from a gall collected at Prescott, Ariz., September 13, 1943, by Mrs. N. W. Capron. She collected galls at Cherry and Prescott, Ariz., on October 4, 1935. and September 11, 1947, respectively. 

Callirhytis cistella, new species

Host. — Quercus emoryi.

Gall (pi. 17, fig. 22). — A stalked, fusiform, pip gall beside young acorns July to October. Spindle shaped, brown, 3 by 5 mm. tapering at both ends, cavity large, wall thin. 

Habitat. — The type was reared from a gall collected October 4, 1935, at Cherry, Ariz., by Mrs. N. W. Capron. A paratype emerged April 14, 1951, from a gall she collected at Prescott, Ariz., on September 20, 1950. Galls have been seen at Oracle, Ariz., and in Burro Mountains in New Mexico; seen also on Quercus hypoleuca at Patagonia, Bisbee, and in Huachuca and Chiricahua Mountains in Arizona.

Andricus crenatus, n. sp.

Host. — Quercus dumosa and Q. douglasii.

Gall (pl, 17, fig, 18). — A spangle about 4 mm. in diameter, usually on the upper side of the leaf, saucer shaped, with a thin crenate margin when young in August and with a prominent hump in center, Wlien mature in fall there is a lens-shaped larval cavity inside, on the floor of which is a thin, white, circular disk from which prominent lines radiate. Galls on Quercus douglasii are less crenate. 

Habitat. — The type is from a series of dead adults cut out of galls collected on Quercus dumosa at Los Gatos, Calif,, on December 13, 1935. Others, all from California, are from the San Bernardino Mountains, San Jacinto Mountains, and Banning; other paratypes emerged November 19, 1935, from galls collected at Colfax, on Quercus douglasii a few days previously ; others are from Stanford University and Angels Camp. Similar galls have been seen on Quercvs engelmanni at Santa Anita, Calif. Adults not included in the type series have been reared from galls on Quercus garryana at Siskiyou summit north of Holbrook, Calif. 

New American Cynipid Wasps From Galls