Amphibolips confluenta (agamic)

Proteoteras willingana

Tetraneura ulmi

Colopha ulmicola

Amphibolips confluenta

The Large Oak Apple gall, occurs from southern Canada to Virginia. It produces galls on the leaves or leaf petioles of various oaks, principally red, black, and scarlet. These galls are quite large, from 12 to 50 mm in diameter, and greenish to brownish in color, depending on age.

Proteoteras willingana

The boxelder twig borer, Proteoteras willingana Kft., attacks boxelder and maple in many of the Northern and Midwestern States and southern Canada. The larva destroys dormant leaf buds in the fall and early spring. Later in the spring, it burrows in succulent twigs (fig. 146), causing the formation of spindle-shaped galls (594). These galls become woody when they dry out. This usually prevents further terminal growth. Severe damage has been recorded in shelterbelt plantings in the Prairie Provinces of Canada. 

Colopha ulmisacculi

On leaves of slippery and wych elm, producing cockscomb or pouchlike galls on upper surface.

Colopha ulmicola

On leaves, causing only cockscomb galls on upper surface.

Eastern forest insects