Callirhytis serricornis (agamic)

Burnettweldia plumbella (agamic)

Disholcaspis prehensa (agamic)

Callirhytis apicalis (agamic)

Callirhytis congregata (sexgen)

Callirhytis serricornis (sexgen)

Callirhytis carmelensis (agamic)

Callirhytis perdens (agamic)

Dryocosmus minusculus (agamic)

Andricus chrysolepidicola (agamic)

Andricus coortus (agamic)

Disholcaspis canescens (agamic)

Burnettweldia conalis (agamic)

Burnettweldia corallina (agamic)

Disholcaspis eldoradensis (agamic)

Disholcaspis mamillana (agamic)

Disholcaspis mellifica (agamic)

Disholcaspis simulata (agamic)

Burnettweldia washingtonensis (agamic)

Cynips conspicuus (agamic)

Cynips heldae (agamic)

Feron albicomus (agamic)

Andricus brunneus (agamic)

Andricus confertus (agamic)

Feron crystallinum (agamic)

Feron crystallinum (sexgen)

Feron discularis (agamic)

Feron kingi (agamic)

Andricus opertus (sexgen)

Feron parmula (agamic)

Feron dumosae (sexgen)

Feron pattersonae (agamic)

Feron pattersonae (sexgen)

Feron stellare (agamic)

Andricus wiltzae (agamic)

Atrusca trimaculosa (agamic)

Diplolepis bassetti

Neuroterus saltatorius (agamic) (saltatorius)

Neuroterus saltatorius (sexgen)

Neuroterus washingtonensis (sexgen)

Unknown q-chrysolepis-smooth-stamen-gall

Xanthoteras clavuloides (agamic)

Besbicus maculosus (agamic)

Besbicus mirabilis (agamic)

Cynips multipunctata (agamic)

Dryocosmus asymmetricus (agamic)

Heteroecus dasydactyli (agamic)

Heteroecus sanctae-clarae (agamic)

Heteroecus lyoni (agamic)

Unknown q-douglasii-flange-gall

Heteroecus melanoderma (agamic)

Heteroecus pacificus (agamic)

Paracraspis guadaloupensis (agamic)

Andricus coquilletti (agamic)

Andricus rotundula (agamic)

Disholandricus lasius (agamic)

Callirhytis fulva (agamic)

Holocynips humicola (agamic)

Holocynips hartmani (agamic)

Neuroterus quercicola (pacificus) (agamic)

Plagiotrochus amenti (agamic)

Neuroterus quaili

Neuroterus florulentus (sexgen)

Callirhytis eldoradensis (sexgen)

Melikaiella flora (agamic)

Callirhytis floripara (sexgen)

Neuroterus varians (agamic)

Dryocosmus dubiosus (sexgen)

Andricus albobalani (agamic)

Unknown q-vacciniifolia-flower-gall

Andricus chrysobalani (sexgen)

Disholandricus chrysolepidis (agamic)

Unknown q-chrysolepis-hollow-twig-swelling

Xanthoteras pulchellum (sexgen)

Unknown q-wislizeni-stem-swelling

Callirhytis quercussuttoni (agamic)

Protobalandricus spectabilis (agamic)

Bassettia ligni (agamic)

Zapatella herberti (agamic)

Unknown q-chrysolepis-bent-stem-gall

Unknown q-wislizeni-bent-stem-swelling

Unknown q-agrifolia-new-growth-swelling

Amphibolips quercuspomiformis (agamic)

Andricus quercuscalifornicus (agamic)

Andricus occultatus (agamic)

Callirhytis quercusagrifoliae (agamic)

Unknown q-chrysolepis-bud-gall

Antron douglasii (sexgen)

Unknown q-chrysolepis-dead-bud-scales

Disholandricus truckeensis (agamic)

Antron douglasii (agamic)

Unknown q-chrysolepis-fluted-gall

Feron atrimentum (sexgen)

Heteroecus q-chrysolepis-club-vein-gall (sexgen)

Feron stellulum (agamic)

Paracraspis patelloides (agamic)

Disholcaspis q-vacciniifolia-lens-gall (agamic)

Heteroecus devorus (sexgen)

Cynips quercusechinus (agamic)

Cynips quercusechinus (sexgen)

Dryocosmus grumatus Weld

Quercus agrifolia, Quercus wislizeni
Leaf galls, Detachable
Single, on under side, bare. Sept.

Quercus kelloggii
Leaf galls, Detachable
Single, on under side, smooth, Sept.

[Photo caption]
Fig 133. Q agrifolia. Occurs on Q wislizeni and kelloggii also. Develop in July. Drop in August. Adults emerge in spring.

Disholcaspis plumbella

Quercus douglasii, dumosa, durata
Stem galls, detachable from the twig
Fig 67. Dia 10 mm, yellow, single.

67. Q dumosa, durata, douglasii - Galls just starting May 10 (Ukiah), full-grown Tug. 7 (Azusa). Certain bushes have thousands of them, others nearby very few (Descanso). Adults emerged Nov. 50 (Camp Baldy).

Disholcaspis prehensa Weld. 

Quercus dumosa, durata
Stem galls, detachable from the twig
Fig 89. Base clasping, top enlarged, rugose.

89. Q-dumosa and durata. Sessile with a sharp-edged clasping base. Contained full-grown larvae Sept. 9 (Sequoia National Park). Adults were cut out Jan. 25.

Callirhytis apicalis [mistakenly listed as "Holocynips apicalis" in the list for Quercus wislizeni]

Quercus agrifolia, kelloggii, wislizeni
"Root" galls
Fig 31. Biscuit-shaped, dia 15 mm. Mono.

Fig 31. Q wislizeni, agrifolia, kelloggii. Partly grown, green, fleshy in mid-May (Los Gatos). Contain dark pupae Oct 10 and adults were cut out Dec 23, Mar 20, and Apr 16 (St Helena). Normal emergence date unknown.

Callirhytis congregata (Ashm.)

Quercus agrifolia, wislizeni
Flower galls
Fig 36. Enlarged staminate axis, 10 mm.

Fig 36. Q. agrifolia, wislizeni. Half-grown galls secreting honeydew Apr. 20 (Santa Anita), May 5 (Stanford). Only emergence record June 5 (Ukiah). At three localities these galls were found on a tree which also had galls of [Callirhytis carmelensis Weld.](https://www.gallformers.org/gall/1263)

Callirhytis serricornis (Kinsey) 

Quercus agrifolia, wislizeni
Flower galls
Fig 35. Cluster 20-40 thin-walled cells.

[Photo caption]
Fig 35. Q agrifolia, kelloggii, wislizeni. Contained pupae Apr 20. Emerging Apr 25 to May 9, May 13 to 26.


Callirhytis carmelensis 

Quercus agrifolia, wislizeni
Acorn galls
Fig 49. "Pip" gall beside small acorn. Apr.

Fig 49. A "pip" gall on aborted acorns of previous season. Develop in April; secrete honey dew; drop in May. From galls collected Aug. 14, 1916 adults emerged Apr. 10-18, 1919 (Monterey). Collected May 15, 1918 adults emerged Apr. 10, 1919, Apr. 11, 1920 and others were cut out Nov. 7, 1920 (Los Gatos). 

Callirhytis perdens

Quercus agrifolia, kelloggii, wislizeni 
Stem galls, woody stem swellings or cells under bark/cells burst out thru cracks in bark
Fig 66. Spindle-shaped. Polished laterally compressed cells burst out thru cracks in bark and drop in the fall.

Fig. 66. Q. agrifolia. Occurs also on Q. kelloggii and wislizeni. The smooth polished cells burst out thru cracks in the bark and drop in the fall. Cells cut out in the fall of 1949 and kept out-of-doors in a cage all winter gave adults Apr. 15, 1950 and Mar.28 and Apr. 14, 1951.

Dryocosmus minusculus 

Quercus agrifolia, wislizeni, kelloggii
Leaf galls, detachable
Brown buttons with a minute pit in the center above, dropping when mature. On upper of side leaf. Fig 111. Diameter 2.5 mm.

Fig 111 Q-agrifolia, wislizeni and rarely on kelloggii. Occur in fall on upper side of leaf, dropping when mature. Said to be so numerous some years as to defoliate a tree. Some years not common. Adults out Apr. 17 (Mt. Diablo). The guest fly, Synergus agrifoliae Ashm. often reared from it, varies in color pattern and has been described as Synergus maculatus Full. and as nergus obscurus McC. & Egb. 


Andricus chrysolepidicola 

Quercus douglasii, dumosa, durata, engelmanni, garryana, lobata
Stem galls, woody stem swellings or cells under the bark
Fig 56. Fusiform, bark thickened. Poly. Cells in the thickened bark.

Fig.56. Q dumosa, durata, douglasii and lobata. Galls full-grown, cut like cheese, and contain white pupae on November 17 (Colfax). Adults out April 16 to May 18 (Upland). 

Andricus coortus 

Quercus douglasii, dumosa
Stem galls, woody stem swellings or cells under the bark
Terminal or lateral, abrupt, containing from 2-7 vertical cells, each with a thick, hard, dark wall. The whole pubescent. 

[Undescribed]

Quercus douglasii, dumosa, garryana
Stem galls, woody stem swellings or cells under the bark
Terminal club, not so abrupt. June. Mono. Like clavula in the eastern US.

Disholcaspis canescens 

Quercus douglasii, dumosa, durata
Stem galls, detachable from the twig
Globular bullet, dia. 10 mm., single, surface slightly tuberculate with mealy bloom when fresh. Adults in Feb.




Disholcaspis conalis 

Quercus garryana
Stem galls, detachable from the twig
Fig 90. Conical, 12-15 mm. high, in fall.

Fig.90. Q-garryana • Adults issued and died in box before October 1. 

Disholcaspis corallina 

Quercus douglasii
Stem galls, detachable from the twig
Fig. 78. Rugose bullet gall. Dia.8.0 mm. 

78. Q douglasii. Grace H Cole collected galls at Fair Oaks on Oct 20 and when examined on Nov 17 one had an exit hole in it and a living adult was in the box. This is the first record of a normal emergence date.

Disholcaspis eldoradensis 

Quercus dumosa, garryana, lobata
Stem galls, detachable from the twig
Fig 86. Ellipsoid, rugose, 7 mm.

Fig.86. Q.lobata, dumosa, durata and garryana. Adults were cut out Nov. 10 (Lebec). Emerged Jan. 8-25 (Los Gatos). While growing from August to Nov 1 they secrete honeydew and a bee-keeper at Cottonwood reported that his bees made 50-1,0 pounds of honey per hive from this source. Altho a pure plant product it can not be sold as honey - it rotates the plane of polarization the wrong way. But bees winter successfully on it. 

Ellipsoid, rugose, 7.0 mm

Hosts:
Quercus dumosa
Quercus garryana



Disholcaspis mamillana 

Quercus douglasii, dumosa
Stem galls, detachable from the twig
Fig 162. Pointed bullet gall, when young covered with dense short pubescence. Larval cell not separable. Dec.

Fig 162. On Q-douglasii and dumosa. Pointed bullet gall. Wall thick, larval cell not separable. The short, dense pubescence when young weathers away. Contain adults in December (Stanford). 

Disholcaspis mellifica 

Quercus garryana
Stem galls, detachable from the twig
Fig 134. Bursts out of cracks in the bark in rows and secretes copious honeydew when fresh, top flat, rugose.

Fig. 134. In rows on current year's growth in fall, secreting copious honeydew. Adults were dead when cut out in March. (Sequoia National Park). 



Disholcaspis simulata

Quercus douglasii, dumosa, engelmanni, garryana
Stem galls, detachable from the twig
Fig 72. "Dried peach" gall. Cell free.

72. Q dumosa, douglasii, engelmanni, garryana. Adults have been cut out in November and others issued and died before Feb 14 (San Bernardino Mts). Galls contained adults on Nov 22 and Jan 5 (Stanford).

Disholcaspis washingtonensis 

Quercus douglasii, dumosa, durata, garryana, lobata
Stem galls, detachable from the twig
Fig 70. Diameter 8 mm.

70. Probably on all the white oaks. Just starting Mar. 16 (Santa Ana Mts.), Apr. 12 (Paso Robles). Adults were found in galls Sept 21 (San Jacinto Mts), two were out and dead by Nov 9.

Besbicus conspicuus

Quercus lobata
Leaf galls, detachable
Fig 69. Wrinkled bullets, 6.7 mm in diameter.

Fig.69. Q lobata. Fresh galls full-grown August 20, red and succulent (Calistoga). Adults have been cut out on December 10 and February 9 (Stanford).

Besbicus heldae 

Quercus lobata
Leaf galls, detachable
Midrib cluster on basal third like [Fig 69.](https://www.gallformers.org/gall/1365)

Andricus albicomus 

Quercus garryana
Leaf galls, detachable
Fig 155. Covered with stellate hairs, 5 mm.

Fig 155. Q. garryana. On under side of leaf, 5.0 mm. in diameter covered with stellate whitish hairs. Adults emerged Apr. 1, 1950 from galls collected Oct. 14, 1948 (Caves Junction, Oreg.).

Andricus brunneus

Quercus douglasii, dumosa, garryana, lobata
Leaf galls, detachable
Fig 124. On midrib, thick-walled. September.

Fig 102. Midrib cluster on Q. dumosa. Thought to be the same as Fig.124 on Quercus douglasii 

Fig 124. It is from these galls that adults have been reared that agree with the Fullaway types. His types were evidently associated with the wrong gall, namely one of Dros atrimen tum (Kinsey) Fig. 98. From galls collected at Ukiah in October 1959 adults emerged Nov. 14, 1940. Fig. 102 of galls on Q-dumosa are thought to be this species • Brunneus occurs on Q-lobata and garryana also. 

Andricus confertus

Quercus lobata
Leaf galls, detachable
Fig 105. Midrib cluster below, pubescent.

Fig 105. Q. lobata. Galls start to develop in July. Those collected Nov. 21, 1955 contained pupae Oct.10, 1956 and adults emerged Mar. 20, 1957 (Kelseyville). 

Andricus crystallinus (unisexual generation)

Quercus douglasii, dumosa, durata, garryana
Leaf galls, detachable
Fig 94. Dense cluster, brittle pink fibers.

Fig 94. Q dumosa, douglasii, garryana, durata. Adults emerged from dumosa galls Mar. 1,2,5,7,10, 18 and Apr. 5 (Boulevard); from douglasii galls Apr. 8–17 (Angels Camp). The brittleness of the red fibers indicates a high tannin content. 

Andricus crystallinus (bisexual generation)

Hosts:
Quercus dumosa
Quercus douglassi
Quercus garryana
Quercus durata

Andricus discularis

Quercus garryana
Leaf galls, detachable

Fig 153. Q-garryana. Diameter 6.0 mm. Adults were cut out Nov. 10 from galls collected in early September (Sequoia National Park)

Andricus kingi

Quercus douglasii, lobata
Leaf galls, detachable
Fig 144. Red or striped, on the upper or lower surface of the leaf in numbers in August and September, cell basal.

Fig 144. On Q lobata. Occurs on Q douglasii also Red or striped, on upper or lower surface of leaf in numbers in August and September. Drop in November. Adults were cut out Nov.22 (Middletown), emerged Feb. 9 (Chico). 

Andricus opertus

Quercus douglasii, dumosa, durata, garryana, lobata
Stem galls, bud galls
Cell different and adult different from [above](https://www.gallformers.org/gall/2141)

Andricus fimbrialis 

Quercus douglasii, dumosa, lobata
Leaf galls, integral
Fig 114. Globular, dia 2 mm, in young leaf. 

Fig 114. in early spring. Adults emerged in May (Palo Alto).

Andricus parmula

Quercus douglasii, dumosa, durata, engelmanni, garryana, lobata
Leaf galls, detachable
Fig 112. Red spangle, 2 mm, on under side. 

Fig 112 On all the white oaks. Contain adults in November and December. Emerged Apr. 5 (Boulevard), Apr. 26 (Monrovia). 

Liodora dumosae 

Quercus douglasii, dumosa, engelmanni [listed as detachable], garryana, lobata
Leaf galls, integral
Fig 152. Black when dry, 2-5 mm. long, at [leaf] edge.

Fig 152. Q-dumosa, douglasii, lobata, engelmanni. Adults emerged May 10. 

Andricus pattersonae (unisexual generation)

Quercus douglasii, garryana, lobata
Leaf galls, detachable
Fig 119. Crenate, very flat spangle. 6-9 mm.

Fig 119. Partly grown in August (Calistoga). Collected on fallen leaves in December and adults were cut out February 9 (Stanford). 

Dros pedicellatum

Quercus douglasii, dumosa, garryana [listed as detachable], lobata
Leaf galls, detachable
Fig 145. Prolonged vein at leaf margin. 

Fig 145. On Q-lobata (above) and Q-dumosa and douglasii. Occurs on Q-garryana also. In early spring. Types emerged April 20 (Stanford). Issued May 15- June 2 (Santa Barbara), April 25–28 (Paso Robles), out and dead by May 26 (Lakeport). 

Andricus stellaris 

Quercus douglasii, garryana
Leaf galls, detachable
Fig 158. Hemisperical, rugose, on under side.

Fig 158. Q-garryana, douglasii. On under side leaf in fall, 2–5 mm. in dia., whitish, often tinged with red. Galls collected at Willits in October contained living adults the next February. 

Andricus wiltzae

Quercus dumosa, lobata
Stem galls, woody stem swellings or cells under the bark
Fig 71. Terminal rosette, cells not deciduous. 

71. Q lobata. On Q dumosa also. Adults have been cut out in November and others issued and died before Feb 14 (San Bernardino Mts). Galls contained adults on Nov 22 and Jan 5 (Stanford).

Sphaeroteras trimaculosum

Quercus douglasii, dumosa, garryana, lobata
Leaf galls, detachable
Fig 147. Red-brown, spiny, under.

Fig 147. On Q-lobata. Occurs on dumosa, douglasii and garryana also. Reddish-brown, on under side, in late fall, covered with crystalline spicules. "Adults emerged in late summer" (Stanford)

Diplolepis bassetti (Beut.) 1918 Canad. Ent 50: 307 [bisexual] Corvallis, OR.

Produces an abrupt, mossy, terminal mass, 17-30 mm in dia, strongly concave at point of attachment. On Rosa nutkana. Adults in late Feb to March.

Rosa nutkana
Stem swellings
Woody, covered with green filaments, 17-39 mm in dia, terminal on twigs of Rosa nutkana. Type from Oregon.

[Photo caption (Weld reproduces Beutenmuller's drawing Figure 14)]
Beutenmuller's original figure on Rosa nutkana. Terminal, green when fresh, 17-38 mm in dia. Types from Corvallis OR. Galls collected in December gave adults (indoors) in late February and early March. Galls were seen at Waitsburg, WA.

Naeruterus saltatorius (unisexual generation)

Quercus douglasii, dumosa, garryana, lobata
Leaf galls, detachable
Fig 100. Jumping gall. "Flea seeds"

Fig.100. Q. lobata, douglasii, dumosa, garryana. H. H. Keifer sent galls in July from a douglasii tree that had been almost defoliated by Neuroterus decipiens Kinsey in the spring. Galls sent to Washington on July 26 were still jumping actively on Sept. 27 and on Oct. 6. Adults emerged the next April.  

Neuroterus decipiens 

Quercus douglasii, dumosa, garryana, lobata
Leaf galls, integral
Fig 138. Cluster of separate cells in leaf. 

Fig 138. On Q. dumosa • Occurs on Q lobata, douglasii and garryana also. Adults emerged Mar 31 (Santa Catalina Id.), April 15 (Paso Robles). May 13 (Santa Rosa).

Neuroterus washingtonensis

Quercus garryana
Leaf galls, integral
Fig 169. Abrupt, fleshy thickening along midrib and main veins on underside of leaf, green or reddish. May-June. 

Fig 169. On Q.garryana. Fleshy when young. The adults began to emerge July 7; all out by July 51(Friday Harbor, Wash.). 

Range:
Northern CA, OR, WA

Quercus chrysolepis
Flower galls
Smooth, globular, dropping when mature, bare. Fig 34. Never reared. 

[Photo caption]
34. Flower gall, a hypertrophied filament. Q chrysolepis. Just starting on May 20 at Baird CA. Galls collected on ground August to November have failed to produce the maker. 

Antron clavula (Beut.). 1911 Ent. News 22:67. 9 O. (= clavuloides Kinsey). Sonoma Co., Calif. 

Quercus lobata 
Leaf galls, detachable
Fig 106. Erect club on vein on under side. Fall.

Fig 106. Q. lobata. Galls develop in August. They are collected in December on fallen leaves. Adults have been cut out on Dec. 21 and Feb. 9 (Stanford).


Besbicus maculosus

Quercus dumosa
Leaf galls, detachable
Fig 97. On under side. Outer layer peels off.

Fig 97. Q. dumosa and durata. Greenish, mottled with white when young. When mature a thin outer layer becomes loose. Adults were cut out Nov.22 (Hopland). One emerged Nov. 16 (Los Gatos). 

Besbicus mirabilis

Quercus sadleriana, garryana
Leaf galls
Spotted oak apple, 25–50 mm.in diameter. Usually single on underside of leaf on a vein. Aug., Sept. Fig 92.

Fig 92. Q-garryana and sadleriana. Types are from Portland, Oreg. but galls have been collected in California. Young galls in June become full-grown in August; contain pupae in mid-Sept. and adults in Mid-January. Normal emergence date unknown. 

Hosts:
Quercus garryana
Quercus sadleriana

Besbicus multipunctatus

Quercus douglasii
Leaf galls, detachable
On midrib below, wall thick, cell eccentric, supported by fibers. 4-10 mm. Similar in appearance to Fig 107.

[Undescribed]

Quercus dumosa
Leaf galls, detachable
Spherical, 5.6 mm in dia, wall thick, central cell supported by coarse fibers. Single. On under side of leaf. Fig 107.

Fig 107. Single on under side of leaf. Q, dumosa. Wall thick, larval cell is central, supported by short fibers. Adult probably emerged in fall.

Dryocosmus asymmetricus 

Quercus chrysolepis 
Stem galls, woody stem swellings or cells under the bark
Fig 53. Cracks open, cells nested.

Fig.53. Quercus chrysolepis. Bark cracks open and discloses a nest of cells. (Not to be confused in the field with Andricus spectabilis Kinsey (Fig. 59). Adults were cut out Apr. 25 Apr. 23 (Santa Lucia Mts)


Heteroecus dasydactyli 

Quercus chrysolepis
Stem galls, detachable
Fig 81. Loose wool often wears off.

Fig. 81. Q. chrysolepis. Galls just starting in June (Camp Baldy). Adults can be cut out in Nov.; emerge in April.

[Undescribed gall]

Quercus chrysolepis
Stem galls, detachable
Similar but stalked at base. Fig 82. Perhaps different.

Heteroecus sanctae-clarae 

Quercus chrysolepis, vacciniifolia
Stem galls
Two-storied, bare. Single. Mono.

Fig.85. Q, chrysolepis, vaccinifolia. Adults have been cut out Feb.9; others emerged and died by April 18 (Mt. Wilson). Emerged Apr. 50 and May 14 (Los Gatos). 

Unknown gall

Quercus palmeri
Stem galls
Terminal, 10 mm wide by 5 mm high. Fig 164.

Fig.164. Terminal, 10 mm. wide by 5 mm. high. One gall from upper end of Hemet valley in San Jacinto Mts. (Dr.P.A.Munz). 

Quercus douglasii, garryana
Leaf galls, detachable
Small depressed sphere on a saucer-shaped, 4-7 pointed base. Fig 174.

[Figure caption]
174. Unknown. On Q douglasii. A depressed sphere resting in a star-shaped saucer, resembling the fungus Geaster. Seen a few times in Aug and Sept.

Heteroecus melanoderma

Quercus chrysolepis, vacciniifolia
Stem galls
Covered with short yellow fuzz. 

Fig.85. Q. chrysolepis • Occurs on Quercus vaccinifolia also. Adults emerged April 20, 21, 28 and May 1 (California Redwood Park). 

Heteroecus pacificus

Quercus chrysolepis, tomentella, vacciniifolia
Fig 84. Spindle-shaped, bare, smooth. Mono. They are thought to vary greatly in shape from long and slender to the chunky form of the lower figure.

Fig.84. Q. chrysolepis. Also on vaccinifolia and tomentella. They are thought to vary greatly in shape from long and slender to the chunky form of the lower figure. They are gathered in the fall for rearing. Adults have been cut out in late November (Yosemite) and April 19 (San Gabriel Mts.). Adults emerged May 6 (California Redwood Park).

Paracraspis guadaloupensis (Weld)

Quercus chrysolepis
Leaf galls, separable from leaf intact
Fig 117. Flat spangle, dia 6 mm.

117. Partly grown in May on last year's leaves. From galls collected in September adults were cut out in November and December (Idyllwild). 

Trichoteras coquilletti Ashm. 

Quercus chrysolepis, vacciniifolia
Leaf galls, oak apples
Fig 95. Smaller oak apple, on leaf below, dia 10 mm. Mono.

Fig 95. Q. chrysolepis and vaccinifolia. Galls just starting in June (Camp Baldy), on Apr. 20 (California Redwood Park). Adults emerged Feb.9 (Mt. Wilson), Jan. 15 (Camp Baldy).


Trichoteras rotundula Weld

Quercus chrysolepis
Leaf galls, separable from leaf intact
Fig 91. On under side on midrib. Larval cell supported by fibers. Short pubescence on surface wears off. Mono.

91. Q chrysolepis. A midrib cluster on under side of leaf in fall, dropping when mature, the larval cell supported by branching fibers. Green with short pubescence when young, later bare, smooth, ten. Adults were cut out November 1 (Idyllwild).


Andricus lasius (Ashm.). 

Quercus chrysolepis
Leaf galls, separable from leaf intact
Woolly, on basal third of leaf. Poly.

141. Q. chrysolepis. Polythalamous • Develop in August on leaves of the current year. Adults were reared Dec. 50 (Camp Baldy), had emerged and died by Feb. 9 (Mt. Wilson).


Callirhytis fulva Weld

Quercus chrysolepis
"Root" galls
Fig 32. Tissue fibrous, yellow, dia up to 20 mm.

32. Q. chrysolepis. In Canyon above Azusa the fresh galls contained full-grown larvae on Aug. 6, dark pupae on Nov. 25 and adults emerged March 10 and 19.


Holocynips humicola (Kinsey). 

Quercus agrifolia, kelloggii, wislizeni
Fig 33. Abrupt, woody, dia up to 30 mm.

Fig 33. Q. wislizeni. Occurs also on Quercus agrifolia and kelloggii. At base of sprouts. Adults have been cut out in late November; emerged April 25,27, 28 (California Redwood Park).


Holocynips hartmani (Weld)

Quercus chrysolepis 
"Root" galls
Fig 37. Cells in thickened bark at crown.

37. Q. chrysolepis. Cells in thickened bark in deep leaf mold at base of sprouts or at crown of tree. Cells contained a thick nutritive layer on May 15, contained adults Nov. 2 which emerged Apr. 9, 16, 26 (Los Gatos).  

Neuroterus cupulae Kinsey. 

Quercus douglasii, dumosa, durata, garryana, lobata
Acorn galls
Fig 38. Cell in cup at base of acorn.

38. Q. lobata. Also on Q. douglasii, dumosa, durata and garryana. Adults were cut out March 1 (Boulevard). 

Plagiotrochus suberi Weld.

Quercus suber
Stem gall
Fig 39. Cells in hypertrophied twigs. Galls seen at San Jose, Pasadena, Alhambra, Ontario and Sacramento.

Fig 39. Q. suber, cork oak. Adults were emerging May 16 to June ll (San Jose). Galls were seen at Pasadena, Ontario, Alhambra and Sacramento. This is not Fioriella marianii (Kieffer), agamic gen. from a similar gall in Europe nor is there known any similar gall on


Quercus dumosa
Flower galls
Globular, mottled with purple, scattered among normal stamens. May. Fig 40.

40. Flower gall. on Quercus dumosa. Nearly globular, mottled with purple on a greenish-yellow background. Collected May 10 at Ukiah, Calif. 

Neuroterus florulentus Weld. 

Quercus dumosa, lobata
Flower galls
Fig 42. Ovate with a truncate and excavated base, thin-walled, tan, single or in small clusters, 1.5 mm long.

42. Q. lobata and dumosa. An enlarged filament bearing anther scars at apex, truncate and excavated at the base, not mottled. Adults were emerging on Santa Catalina Island on March 51.


Eumayria eldoradensis (Beut.). 

Quercus agrifolia, kelloggii, wislizeni
Acorn galls
Fig 43. Cells single. Exit hole thru cup.

Fig 43. Q. agrifolia (upper) and wislizeni Occurs on Q, kelloggii also. Adults emerged Sept. 21 to Oct. 1 (Idyll wild); Sept. 5 to Oct. 7 (Ashland, Oreg.).


Callirhytis milleri Weld. 

Quercus agrifolia, kelloggii, wislizeni
Acorn galls
Fig 44. Stony hard mass inside acorn. July. Poly.

Fig 44. Q. agrifolia (on left) and wislizeni - It occurs on Q. kelloggii also. Affected acorns found on ground in Nov. 1955 gave adults Mar. 28, Apr. 5-10, 1957 and Apr. 5, 1959 (Berkeley). Acorns collected Oct. 15, 1915 gave adults Apr. 2, 1917 and still contained larvae in July 1921 (Onion Valley).

Callirhytis floripara Weld. 

Quercus agrifolia
Flower galls
Fig 45. Scattered pointed cells. April.

Fig. 45. Q: agrifolia. Adults were emerging Apr 29 and ovipositing in young acorns (Carpinteria). The same tree had galls of Callirhytis carmelensis Weld on it (Fig. 49).


Neuroterus varians Kinsey. 

Quercus lobata
Stem galls, woody stem swellings or cells under bark
Fig 46. "Short, blunt, irregular stem swellings"

46. Q. lobata. Types emerged Mar. 21 (Byron). Emerging Apr. 24 (Newhall), May 5 (Santa Margarita).


Dryocosmus dubiosus (Full.). 

Quercus agrifolia, wislizeni
Flower galls
Fig 47. Black. April. Occurs on leaf also.

Quercus agrifolia, wislizeni
Leaf galls, detachable
Fig 132. Usually on flowers. See Fig 47.

Fig. 47. Q agrifolia • Adults emerging Apr 25 (Santa Anita), Apr. 16-25 (Ojai). Occurs on leaves also (Fig. 152).

Fig. 132. On leaf of Q. agrifolia. It is usually on the flowers (Fig. 47). 

Andricus albobalani Weld. 

Quercus douglasii, dumosa, durata, lobata
Acorn galls
Fig 48. In wall of undersized acorn in fall.

48. Q: dumosa. Also on Q. lobata, douglasii, durata. Affected acorns apt to be lop-sided and remain on the tree. Adults were cut out in early March; larvae indicated there would be some emergence the next spring.


Quercus chrysolepis, vacciniifolia
Flower galls
Woolly galls along the staminate axis. Fig 50. Never reared.

Fig 50. A staminate flower gall. Q. chrysolepis, vaccinifolia. Found on the ground Sept. to Nov. Never reared.


Andricus chrysobalani Weld. 

Quercus chrysolepis 
Acorn galls
Fig 51. Cell under young acorn in midsummer.

51. chrysolepis • Acorns of the current season collected Aug. 14 gave adults Aug. 10–28 (Kyburz). Affected acorns are apt to be lop-sided or undersized.


Disholcaspis chrysolepidis (Beut.). 

Quercus chrysolepis, palmeri
Stem galls, detachable
Fig 52. Convex-topped, rows or single.

52. Q. chrysolepis. Fresh galls burst out thru cracks in bark in June and attract ants; are full-grown in July; the adults probably emerge in December for those cut out Jan.21 were dead (Idyllwild). The type flies bear dates Oct.10, Nov.20,Dec. 19, 1885,


Quercus chrysolepis 
Stem galls, woody stem swellings or cells under the bark
Terminal, hollow, tan, 5-6 mm in dia. Early spring. Fig 54.

54. A terminal, hollow, tan, twig swelling in early spring. Q, chrysolepis. 

Xanthoteras obconicum (Weld) sex-gen

Quercus douglasii, lobata
"Root" galls
White, in cluster, fleshy, at base of stumps in May. Similar to Fig 55 the gall of an eastern species.

55. [Galls of Xanthoteras radicola](https://www.gallformers.org/gall/831) (Ashm.). An eastern species but galls of Xanthoteras obconicum (Weld), sex-gen, would look like these. Obconicus occurs on Q. douglasii and lobata at the crown of tree hidden in debris. Adults emerge in May after which the fleshy galls dry up.

[Undescribed]

Quercus garryana
"Root" galls
Fleshy, white or pinkish, in cluster at crown, like Fig 55. Adults only seen from Corvallis, OR.

Quercus agrifolia, kelloggii, wislizeni 
Stem galls, woody stem swellings or cells under bark
Fusiform, up to 20 mm in dia by 50 mm long. Fig 57. The inner structure lacks the tubes present in [suttoni](https://www.gallformers.org/gall/1318) above.

Fig. 57 - Unknown. Q wislizeni, agrifolia, kelloggii. Internal structure is different from that of suttoni below. In the Santa Ana Mts. many live oaks had been damaged and even killed by these galls.


Callirhytis suttoni (Ashm.).

Quercus agrifolia
Stem galls, woody stem swellings or cells under bark
Fig 58. Abrupt, large, cells at base of tubes.

Fig 58. Q: agrifolia. The brown bark is thin and cells are in the thickened bast which cuts like cheese in April. The larval cells are at the base of thin-walled tubes. Contained dark pupae and adults on Nov. 27 (Berkeley). The guest fly Euceroptres maritimus Weld emerged May 15 and June 8 - 17.

Andricus spectabilis Kinsey

Quercus chrysolepis 
Stem galls, woody stem swellings or cells under the bark
Fig 59. Diameter to 25 mm, in fall, poly.

59. Q. chrysolepis. "Partly grown galls may be found from early May on through the summer and it is probable that the insects do not emerge from them until the second spring." Quarter grown fresh galls were found April 18 (Upland). Adults were cut out on Feb. ; and March 5 (Mt. Diablo). Only emergence record Feb. 27 ( Sierra Madre)


Bassettia ligni Kinsey

Quercus douglasii, dumosa, durata, garryana, lobata
Stem galls, woody stem swellings or cells under the bark
Fig 60. Scattered cells under the bark.

60. Left to right, two twigs of Q, durata, dumosa, douglasii, lobata. Cells are in two-year-old wood. Types were emerging March 29 (Galt).


Bassettia herberti (Weld)

Quercus agrifolia, kelloggii, wislizeni 
Stem galls, woody stem swellings or cells under bark
Fig 61. Cells under bark, swelling slight.

Fig. 61. Q: kelloggii. Occurs on Q. agrifolia and wislizeni also. Adults emerged May 2l and June 7 (Placerville). Woodpeckers cut them out.


Quercus chrysolepis 
Stem galls, woody stem swellings or cells under the bark
Fusiform, 10 mm, lop-sided, cells nested, on new growth in June. Fig 62.

62. Stem swelling on new growth in June (Camp Baldy). Q. chrysolepis. Galls collected in summer and fall have been empty.


Quercus wislizeni 
Stem galls, woody stem swellings or cells under bark
Cells in thickened bark on one side causing twig to bend back. Fig 63.

Fig 63. Stem swelling on new growth May 17 (Shasta). Q, wislizeni.


Quercus agrifolia
Stem galls, woody stem swellings or cells under bark
Terminal or lateral, globular, green, dia 10 mm, in May. Fig 64. Mono.

Fig 64. Terminal or lateral; green , succulent, pubescent in early May (Montecito). Q. agrifolia. A Synergus emerged in April.


Callirhytis pomiformis (Ashm.)

Quercus agrifolia, kelloggii, wislizeni 
Stem galls, detachable
Fig 65. Up to 45 mm in dia. Poly. Fall.

Fig. 65. Smooth one on Q. agrifolia. Others on Q. Wislizeni. New galls up to nearly full-grown April 7 (Ojai), May 10 (Ukiah). Adults out Apr.20 (Azusa), in March (Palo Alto). Synergus splendidus Full. emerged in April (Paso Robles).


Andricus californicus Ashm.

Quercus douglasii, dumosa, durata, engelmanni, garryana, lobata
Stem galls, detachable from the twig
Fig 68. Large, ellipsoid, smooth, bare, tan. Poly.

68. On all the white oaks. Common in Oregon and as far north as Tacoma, Wash. on Q- garryana. Galle from Mexico have been taken at quarantine at Nogales, Ariz. Galls start to develop in May. Adults emerge in October.


Andricus occultatus (Weld). 

Quercus douglasii, dumosa, durata, garryana, lobata
Stem galls, bud galls
Fig 73. Cell hidden inside bud. Dec-Jan.

73. Central figure Q. durata, others buds of Q. lobata. Occurs on Q, dumosa, douglasii and garryana also. Buds show no evidence of a gall inside. From twigs collected in December adults emerged Jan. 20 – 22 (Cottonwood).


Callirhytis agrifoliae (Ashm.) 

Quercus agrifolia, kelloggii, wislizeni 
Stem galls, detachable
Fig 74. Globular, mottled, 9 mm. Mono.

Fig. 74. Q. agrifolia, wislizeni, kelloggii Produced in the axil of leaf. Mottled when fresh. Drop in fall. From galls picked up on ground under tree Nov. 2, 1954 adults emerged Mar .5, 8, 17, 1956 (Berkeley campus).


[these may or may not refer to the same gall]

Quercus chrysolepis
Stem galls, detachable
Ellipsoid, blunt at apex, in axil, wall thin. June. Fig 75.

Fig. 75. Unknown bud gall. Q. chrysolepis. Empty in November (Camp Baldy).

Quercus chrysolepis
Stem galls, detachable
Conical, thin-walled, in axil or on other galls, tan, pointed at end. Fig 171.

Fig. 171. Unknown bud gall on Q. chrysolepis, thin-walled, tan, probably in early spring. Occurs in axil or sometimes attached to other galls. Length 2.5 mm. Those taken in September and November have been empty.

Antron douglasii (Ashm.), sex.gen. 

Quercus douglasii, dumosa, lobata
Stem galls, bud galls
Fig 76. Succulent, green, thin-walled, with longitudinal stripes and scattered tubercles, 6 mm long, from lateral buds. Appears before young leaves are half-grown.

76. Photo of a dried gall on Q douglasii, drawing from a fresh gall on Q. lobata, Adults had already emerged when the new leaves were not yet half-grown, May 1-15 (Santa Rosa).


Quercus chrysolepis
Stem galls, detachable
Many thin-walled, small cells hidden in similar [[to Andricus frondeum](https://www.gallformers.org/gall/2097)] mass of dead bud scales. Fig 77.

77. A large mass of dead brown bud scales in fall. Q. chrysolepis . Inside are several thin-walled, pointed cells, 2.0 mm. long. Never reared.


Disholcaspis truckeensis (Ashm.) 

Quercus chrysolepis 
Stem galls, detachable
Fig 80. Smooth, tan, bare. Poly.

80. Q. chrysolepis, vaccinifolia. Adults emerged in January and Feburary. A guest, Euceroptres montanus Weld, emerged April 27. For rearing galls should be #: to see if they are different from a somewhat similar gall which produced the banded-winged Loxaulus trizonalis Weld, sex-gen.


Antron douglasii, agamic

Quercus douglasii, dumosa, lobata
Leaf galls, detachable
Fig 93. Obconic, blunt horns on rim.

Fig 95. Q. douglasii. Occurs on lobata and dumosa also. Full-grown by August. Adults may be cut out in Nov.; emerge in January and February

Quercus chrysolepis
Leaf galls, separable from leaf intact
Crenate spangle, on under side, dia 2 mm. Fig 96.

Fig. 96. A midrib cluster. Q.chrysolepis. Those collected May to November have been empty.


Dros atrimentum

Quercus douglasii, dumosa, garryana, lobata
Leaf galls, integral
Fig 98. Black cell, 3 mm long, supported by fine fibers inside a tissue paper thin membrane. On under side before the new leaves are full-grown. Adults out in late April.

Fig 98. Q. douglasii, dumosa, lobata. On under side of leaf. Outer wall thin as tissue paper. Within is a black cell supported by fine fibers. Fresh galls are found in mid-April when the new leaves are 1/2 to 5/4 inch long. Miss Egbert reared adults in April (Stanford). Adults emerged Apr. 25 (Paso Robles). Andricus brunneus Full. was erroneously associated with this gall. 

Quercus chrysolepis, vacciniifolia
Leaf galls, integral
Cell on a prolongation of a vein beyond the leaf margin, spindle-shaped. Fig 99.

Fig 99. On Q. chrysolepis. Occurs on Q. vaccinifolia also. Often more slender than the photo. Usually single, sometimes 4 on one leaf. Those collected in summer and fall have been empty. Never reared.



Quercus dumosa
Leaf galls, detachable
Like a star-headed tack, erect, on upper surface, 5-7 mm long. Fig 101.

Fig 101. On Q: dumosa. From Santa Catalina Island in March. Never reared.


Paracraspis patelloides

Quercus chrysolepis
Leaf galls, separable from leaf intact
Fig 103. Saucer-shaped, dia 9 mm.

Fig 103. Q. chrysolepis. Pea-green with a red margin on under side of leaf in summer on leaves of previous season. Usually single. There is a cavity under the larval cell. Adults have been cut out on Nov. 10 and Dec. 50. 

Quercus chrysolepis, vacciniifolia
Stem galls
Lenticular, smooth, tan, hard, bare, detachable, single. Mono. Fig 79.

Fig. 79. Unknown gall. Q. chrysolepis. Occurs on Q. vaccinifolia also. Tan, hard, smooth. Starts to develop in August (Kyburz). Monothalamous.


Unknown gall.

Q. chrysolepis, vaccinifolia
Leaf galls, integral
Hard, smooth, lenticular parenchyma thickening, single or groups. Fig 128.

Fig 128. Empty in June to Aug. Unknown gall. X 5. Q-agrifolia and wislizeni [apparently a mistake--the same picture is listed on Quercus chrysolepis in Weld's 1960 book]. May be same as Fig. 125 [tentatively listed as [Callirhytis quercussuttoni sexgen](https://www.gallformers.org/gall/1319)]

Antron echinus agamic 

Quercus douglasii, dumosa
Leaf galls, detachable
Fig 108. Covered with stout blunt spines.

Fig 108. Full-grown, red, in August. Contain adults in November. 

Antron echinus sex. gen.

Quercus douglasii, dumosa
Stem galls, bud galls
Globular, succulent, green to red, 6 mm hollow, almost translucent. Adults emerge in late April or early May.

[Figure caption for Antron echinus agamic] Kinsey says the bisexual generation is a succulent, green or wine-colored, globular bud gall with an almost translucent wall on Q, douglasii and dumosa in early spring, the adults emerging in April, after which the galls shrivel. Needs experimental verification. 

Cynipid Galls of the Pacific Slope