Evergreen huckleberry (Vaccinium ovatum) develops a witches' broom of thickened stems with few or no leaves. Telia form in a reddish brown layer around stems each year. Branches are swollen, spongy, and distinctly yellowish to reddish brown in contrast to the greenish color of normal twigs ... Telia ... start out white and progressively turn dark red from the bottom up.

- Oregon State University: (accessed 2022) "Huckleberry (Vaccinium spp.)-Witches' Broom Rust"^©