Euura gracilis

Phyllocolpa nigrita

Phyllocolpa populi

Phyllocolpa robusta

Phyllocolpa terminalis

Euura salicisdesmodioides

Euura consors

Pontoprista amentivora

Aculus micheneri

Phyllocolpa leavitti

Euura lucidae

Euura petiolaridis

Euura salicispomum

Euura salicispisum

Pontania gracilis

Type locality: Virginia

Host plant: Salix sericea

Notes. — This is a valid species of Pontania (Eupontania). The description of P. gracilis larvae and biology by Dyar (1897b) refers to P. petiolaridis Rohwer. A typical gall of this species is shown in Fig. 3 (from Otsego Co., N.Y., collected by AGZ and R. Fritz). 

Pontania nigrita

Type locality. — Michigan. The holotype is labeled "Ag. Coll. Mich," presumably from East Lansing. 

Host plants. — According to Smith and Fritz (1996), the host plants are Salix seri- cea, S. discolor Muhl., and S. eriocephala Michx. 

Notes. — This is a valid species of Phyllocolpa and belongs to the leucosticta group. Its larva and biology were described by Dyar (1897b) under the name Pontania pallicornis Norton.

Pontania populi

Type locality. — New York

Host plant. — Populus grandidentata Michx. 

Notes. — A valid species, Pontania {Pon- tania) popidi Marlatt, belonging to the crassispina group. The larvae and biology were described by Dyar (1897a). It produces leaf rolls on the host creating a small swelling (procecidium) at the site of egg laying. There is more than one generation per year. The larvae eat the parenchyma and leave the upper cuticle intact, which is typical for species of the crassispina group. A very slight ventroapical indentation of the sheath (Fig. 11) and the leaf-folding habit led to the inclusion of this species in Phyllocolpa by Smith and Fritz (1996). 

Pontania robusta 

Type locality. — "Michigan and District of Columbia (?)." The lectotype is labeled "Ag. Coll. Mich.," presumably East Lansing. 

Host. — Populus tremuloides Michx. 

Notes. — This is a valid species of Phyllocolpa in the leucapsis group. The larva and biology were described by Dyar (1897b). It produces leaf folds on aspen, as was confirmed by Smith and Fritz (1996). There is one generation a year. 

Pontania terminalis 

Type locality. — Near New York City. 

Host plant. — Salix sericea, according to Smith and Fritz (1996). The host plant relationships of P. terminalis need to be confirmed. There is possibly more than one- species under this name. 

Notes. — The valid name is Pontania (Pontania) terminalis Marlatt, and it belongs to the crassispina group. The larvae and biology were described by Dyar (1897a). It produces leaf rolls on willow similar to P. populi except with a smaller swelling at the site of egg laying. The larvae eat parenchyma and leave the upper cuticle intact, which is typical for this species group. The slight ventroapical indentation of the sheath (Fig. 12) and leaf-folding habit led to the placement of this species in Phyllocolpa by Smith and Fritz (1996).

Pontania (Eupontania) s-desmodioides

Pontania borealis 

Type locality. — Plattsburgh, N.Y, according to Dyar (1898). 

Host plant. — Salix humilis Marsh, as determined by G. Argus (not Salix sericea as reported by Dyar). 

Notes. — The valid name is Pontania (Eupontania) s-desmodioides (Walsh) (= Pontania borealis Dyar, n. syn.). Dyar's (1898) description of the galls is very similar to those described by Walsh (1866) for P. s-desmodioides. The host plant was misidentified by Dyar. The remnants of leaves with the galls of this species collected by Dyar are shown in Figs. 4, 5. The leaf shape and pubescence of those associated with P. s- desmodioides is typical for Salix humilis, and the willow identification was confirmed by G. Argus. However, along with these galls of P. s-desmodioides (Figs. 4b, 5a), there are also two others on the same pins which appear to belong to P. s-pomum (Figs. 4a, 5b). A typical P. s-pomum gall is in Fig. 2. The remnants of the leaves attached to the latter two galls are glabrous and might be Salix eriocephala Michx., the host plant of P. s-pomum. However, none of the three reared females can be identified as P. (E.) s-pomum. 

Pontania consors 

Type locality. — Plattsburgh, N.Y. 

Host plant. — Salix humilis as identified by G. Argus (not Salix sericea as reported by Dyar). 

Notes. — This is a valid species, Pontania (Eupontania) consors Dyar. Dyar described the species as follows: "Galls found with the preceding on S. sericea, but gregarious, hairy and spherical. Near the base of the leaf, three or two together, rarely but one, exceeding the margin often by half the diameter of the gall; not evenly divided by the leaf, about one third or a little more above, two thirds below; pale greenish, often heavily marked and mottled with red above, paler below, rarely uniformly pale. Strongly silky hairy like the leaves below, less hairy or even smooth above; size 8.5— 8.5—7 mm or as small as 5 mm in diameter." The host plant was misidentified by Dyar. The remnants of the leaf were identified by G. Argus, as in the preceding case (P. borealis), as Salix humilis. A. G. Zinovjev and H. Goulet collected galls of P. consors at Lake Jean Venne, Masham Co., Quebec, Canada (about 50 km N of Ottawa) in the fall of 1995 on Salix humilis (host-plant determined by G. Argus).

Pontania amentivora 

Type locality. — Falls Church, Virginia. 

Host plant. — Salix sp. [Salix exigua used as a placeholder]

Notes. — According to Rohwer "this species lives, in the larval stage, in the pistil- late catkins of a small species of Salix and causes the destruction of the ovaries and the premature forming of 'cotton'." This species is currently placed as a synonym of Amauronematus amentorum (Forster) (Smith 1979). The catkin feeders, including this and some related species previously placed in Amauronematus Konow belong in the genus Pontoprista Malaise. 

Aculus micheneri

Vasates micheneri
Vasates michineri

Hosts: Salix nigra

Relationship: In distorted flower buds.

Range: KS

Pontania leavitti 

Type locality. — Nerepis, New Brunswick. 

Host plant. — Salix sericea, according to Smith and Fritz (1996). 

Notes. — A valid species of Phyllocolpa in the leucosticta group. The larvae form leaf rolls on Salix sericea and perhaps some other willows.

Pontania lucidae 

Type locality. — Toronto, Ontario, Cana- da. 

Host plant. — Salix lucida (original identification confirmed by G. Argus). 

Notes. — A valid species in Pontania (Eupontania), closely related to Pontania consors as was stated by Rohwer. The examined leaves of Salix lucidae bear only a few typical leaf galls associated with midribs. The rest of the galls in this sample might rather be called petiole or midrib galls (Fig. 8). We are not sure if all of these galls belong to the species described by Rohwer or if some of them are Euura galls.

 Pontania petiolaridis 

Type locality. — Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Host plant. — Salix petiolaris Sm. (identification confirmed by G. Argus). 

Notes. — This is a valid species in Pontania (Eupontania), is very closely related to P. gracilis, and has galls (Fig. 9) similar to those of P gracilis (Figs. 3, 6). The galls and biology were described by Cosens (1917) and probably by Dyar (1897b) under the name Pontania gracilis (host-plant "Salix petiolata") from Van Cortland Park, New York City, and Gouverneur, N.Y., on "Salix petiolata." The name "petiolata" is obviously a misprint for S. petiolaris (G. Argus, personal communication). Also, the remnants of leaves with the galls are glabrous and might belong to S. petiolaris. A. G. Zinovjev reared this species from galls collected by R. Vanderkam near Ottawa, Ontario, in 1995. 

[Listed in photos but not in text]

Hosts: Salix eriocephala

[Listed in photos but not in text]

Hosts: Salix discolor

Types and biological notes of the eastern North American sawflies of Pontania Costa and Phyllocolpa Benson (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) described by Marlatt, Dyar, and Rohwer