Unknown s-hookeriana-apical-stem-gall

Iteomyia salicisverruca

Rabdophaga salicisbatatus

Rabdophaga salicisbrassicoides

[Barbour reports an undescribed apical stem gall induced by a midge on Salix hookeriana in a common garden experiment in northern California]

[Barbour reports finding Iteomyia salicisverruca on Salix hookeriana in a common garden grown in northern California. OTOH, [Gagne & Jaschhof's 2021 World Catalog](https://www.ars.usda.gov/ARSUserFiles/80420580/Gagne_Jaschhof_2021_World_Cat_5th_Ed.pdf), pg. 378, lists Salix humilis (prairie willow) as the only host, which seems confusing in light of the records the catalog mentions from Oregon and Washington. Barbour's et al.'s drawings, both here and in [a paper published in 2020](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/evl3.170), show hooked red cones, like bird's beaks or rhinoceros horns, protruding from the underside of a leaf.] 

[Barbour reports finding Rabdophaga salicisbatatus galls on Salix hookeriana planted in a common garden experiment in northern California]

[Barbour reports finding Rabdophaga salicisbrassicoides galls on Salix hookeriana planted in a common garden experiment in northern California]

Genetic specificity of a plant–insect food web: Implications for linking genetic variation to network complexity